Fair Market Value

Finance

Quick Definition

Fair Market Value (FMV) is the price at which an asset would sell in an open market when both buyer and seller are informed, willing, and not under pressure.

Detailed Explanation

FMV represents the true value of an asset based on current market conditions. It assumes a fair transaction where both parties have complete knowledge and no compulsion to buy or sell.

FMV is commonly used in real estate, taxation, investments, and business valuation. In India, FMV is often considered in tax calculations under rules by the Income Tax Department India.

Key Features of FMV

  • Based on open market conditions
  • Reflects current demand and supply
  • Independent of forced or distressed sales

Factors Affecting FMV

  • Market demand and supply
  • Location (for property)
  • Economic conditions
  • Asset condition and performance

Why FMV Matters

  • Used in tax calculations
  • Helps in buying/selling decisions
  • Important for financial reporting

FMV vs Market Value vs Book Value

  • FMV: Fair price in ideal conditions
  • Market Value: Actual trading price
  • Book Value: Value in accounting records

Example

"If a property is sold at ₹50 lakh in a fair deal between buyer and seller, ₹50 lakh is considered its Fair Market Value."

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